Zac, bariya ba DD ubereye umujyanama kubera iki utabakangurira ibintu nk'ibi bireba ahazaza h'urubyiruko ahuwo ukibanda gusa kuri "brake the neck of tutsi" via "programme de renforcement de la capacité meurtrière des imbonerakure"?
Rwanda : un programme universitaire pour la prochaine génération de dirigeants africains - Opera News Official Comments: VÉRIFIE UN PEU LA DATE DE LA CRÉATION DE L'UNIVERSITÉ NATIONALE DU RWANDA ! LA L'université nationale du Rwanda fut conjointement créée en 1963 par le gouvernement rwandais et la congrégation des dominicains de la province de Québec (Canada). Son recteur-fondateur fut le Père Georges-Henri Lévesque. L'UNR était alors divisée selon trois branches d'enseignement : la faculté de médecine, la faculté de sciences sociales, et une école d'enseignement (ENS). Elle comptait par ailleurs 51 étudiants et 16 professeurs. ... see more http://opr.news/36c4ea210916fr_rw?link=1&client=news Download Now https://opr.as/share
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Rwanda : un programme universitaire pour la prochaine génération de dirigeants africains - Opera News Official Comments: VÉRIFIE UN PEU LA DATE DE LA CRÉATION DE L'UNIVERSITÉ NATIONALE DU RWANDA ! LA L'université nationale du Rwanda fut conjointement créée en 1963 par le gouvernement rwandais et la congrégation des dominicains de la province de Québec (Canada). Son recteur-fondateur fut le Père Georges-Henri Lévesque. L'UNR était alors divisée selon trois branches d'enseignement : la faculté de médecine, la faculté de sciences sociales, et une école d'enseignement (ENS). Elle comptait par ailleurs 51 étudiants et 16 professeurs. ... see more http://opr.news/36c4ea210916fr_rw?link=1&client=news Download Now https://opr.as/share
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FDA Advisory Panel Votes Against Endorsing Covid-19 Booster Shots Widely
Recommendation for older adults and those at risk of severe disease is short of Biden administration plans
By and
A cancer patient received a third dose of a Covid-19 vaccine in White Plains, N.Y., this week.
Photo: Desiree Rios for The Wall Street Journal
An advisory panel to the Food and Drug Administration offered a limited endorsement of booster shots of the Covid-19 vaccine from Pfizer Inc. PFE -1.30% and BioNTech SE, BNTX -3.61% recommending injections for people 65 and older or at high risk of severe disease but stopping short of justifying them for the broader population.
The outside panel's action comes as the dangerous Delta variant of the coronavirus continues to spread in the U.S. and federal health officials hope that additional doses of approved vaccines will sustain protection in people who have been previously vaccinated.
Older adults and those with underlying health conditions and other high-risk factors were among the earliest groups in the U.S. to receive vaccinations. The group likely includes residents of nursing homes and chronic-care facilities who meet the criteria.
The unanimous booster endorsement followed a daylong meeting that included intense debate among committee members over who should receive boosters and when, and presentations that offered varying conclusions about declining vaccine effectiveness and the benefit of administering extra shots beyond the authorized dosing courses that provide full vaccination.
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"I think that a lot of individuals do feel there is a role for another dose in populations, and we would like to see that come forward," said Jeanette Lee, a professor of biostatistics at the University of Arkansas and a panel member.
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Notes on the News
The news of the week in context, with Tyler Blint-Welsh.
The support by the Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee came after it rejected an earlier vote by a 16-2 majority recommending boosters for people in the U.S. 16 and older.
Many panel members said they had concerns about widening booster shots for the general population with limited data about whether the additional doses would be safe and effective or were even needed yet for everyone. Members said the scientific evidence so far justified a third dose for certain high-risk groups but that there weren't enough data to justify giving a booster to the general population. They said that vaccines such as Pfizer's are holding up against severe disease.
"The marginal benefit of a third dose of vaccine for people who are already vaccinated is likely to be very small for reducing the overall burden," said Eric Rubin, a Harvard microbiologist, panel member and editor in chief of the New England Journal of Medicine.
Members of the committee also voiced concerns over the limited data so far about whether a third dose increases the risk of myocarditis, an inflammatory heart condition that has so far been found to be a rare side effect primarily in young men. FDA officials told panel members that the risk of the condition from a third dose is unknown and more research is needed.
Covid-19 Boosters Are Coming: Here's What to Know
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Covid-19 Boosters Are Coming: Here's What to Know
The Biden administration announced that Americans who have been fully vaccinated with a two-dose regimen against Covid-19 should receive a booster, citing the threat from the highly contagious Delta variant. WSJ breaks down what you need to know. Photo: Hannah Beier/Reuters
Cody Meissner, a panel member and professor of pediatric medicine at Tufts University, said he believed vaccinating more people in the U.S. would do more to curb the pandemic than offering booster doses but said there were benefits of additional doses for high-risk individuals, including those under 65 for whom there is less available data.
"There are clear risk factor groups who fall into the risk of hospitalization and more severe disease who are under 60 or 65," he said.
Friday's meeting was the most high-profile public display of the booster-shot debate that has divided federal health officials and medical experts, and complicated the Biden administration's plans to start distributing the additional supply next week.
In a statement after the votes, Pfizer said it would work with the FDA to address the panel's questions, as it continued to believe a booster dose would benefit the broader population.
The Biden administration said it was ready to provide booster shots once the approval process was completed. "Today was an important step forward in providing better protection to Americans from Covid-19," said White House spokesman Kevin Munoz.
The panel considered a request by Pfizer only. Plans to offer extra doses of vaccines by Moderna Inc. and Johnson & Johnson have been delayed as the FDA needs more time to analyze data about them.
Only Pfizer's vaccine has been fully approved by the FDA, for those 16 and older, and it has gotten emergency-use authorization for kids ages 12 to 15. Moderna has emergency authorization for people 18 and older for its vaccine, and it has filed for full approval and for authorization for boosters. The J&J vaccine is authorized for emergency use in people 18 and older, and the company has said it plans to file for approval later this year.
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The FDA isn't required to accept any decision by the panel, which is made up of around 20 scientific advisers, but it generally does.
Peter Marks, director of the FDA center that oversees vaccines, said the FDA would consider the panel's guidance before deciding whether to greenlight boosters. The panel expressed support for approving boosters for healthcare workers or others at high risk for exposure to Covid-19 while at work but didn't formally vote on the matter.
Even with FDA approval, the administration of booster shots isn't expected to begin before a meeting is scheduled next week by a separate group of medical experts that advises the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which is expected to further clarify who would fall into the high-risk category.
With the backing of the panel, the FDA could move within days to approve distribution of boosters, although it will be for a smaller group than originally sought by Pfizer, which requested approval for booster shots for people 16 years and older.
Covid-19 vaccines such as Pfizer's remain highly protective against severe disease and death even without boosters, although some research shows diminishing levels of protection against infections. Evidence supporting the need for an extra dose, at least among the general public, hasn't been conclusive, according to some medical experts.
William Gruber, senior vice president of Pfizer's vaccine clinical research, said that an additional dose is needed about six months after the second in its two-shot regimen to sustain protection. He presented to the panel clinical data showing its vaccine's waning protection, pointing to falling antibody levels.
Dr. Gruber also cited data from 329 clinical-trial subjects who received a third dose and showed significant increases in neutralizing antibodies, which are important in the immune response against Covid-19.
Many Covid-19 vaccines remain highly protective against severe disease and death without boosters.
Photo: Emily Elconin/Getty Images
"The evidence to date supports a positive risk-benefit" for boosters of the vaccine, said Dr. Gruber.
Pfizer also cited real-world data from Israel and the U.S. suggesting the vaccine's declining protection was due more to waning effectiveness than to the Delta variant's spread.
Israeli researchers whose data U.S. officials have cited to support additional doses also presented a study, published online Wednesday in the New England Journal of Medicine, that analyzed medical records of 1.1 million people and found that rates of infection and severe illness were substantially lower among study participants aged 60 and older who had been vaccinated at least five months earlier and then received a booster dose of the Pfizer vaccine.
The FDA said this week that Pfizer's analysis of a third dose met its criteria for a safe and effective vaccine. Yet the agency has said vaccines cleared in the U.S. currently provide sufficient protection against severe disease and death from Covid-19 without additional doses.
The panel also heard from Jonathan Sterne, an epidemiologist from Bristol University in the U.K., who recently co-wrote a viewpoint in the Lancet that said there wasn't enough evidence to justify boosters for the general public. He told the panel that in analyzing 76 studies on real-world effectiveness of Covid-19 vaccines, he found that results may be skewed by factors such as whether people received results of a Covid-19 test before getting vaccinated.
Committee members raised concerns Pfizer primarily relied on diminished neutralizing antibodies to justify boosters rather than other parts of the immune system, such as T-cells that hunt down infected cells and destroy them and are believed to play a role in stopping severe disease.
"It's unclear that everyone needs to be boosted other than a subset of the population that clearly would be at risk for severe disease," said Dr. Michael Kurilla, director of the National Institutes of Health's National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.
Pfizer officials said they have been unable so far to determine a specific level of antibodies needed to prevent infections and that T-Cells aren't as important as antibodies in stopping infections.
Health authorities have already authorized booster shots for people 12 years and older whose immune systems are compromised.
In addition to Israel, countries such as the U.K. and France have given the go-ahead for additional shots for certain groups.
Panel members said there needed to be more data about safety for people 16 years and older, including the risk of myocarditis, as Pfizer's clinical trial data for boosters didn't include 16- and 17-year-olds.
"We have no data on safety in this population at all," said Archana Chatterjee, a panel member and dean of the Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Science and Medicine.
Covid-19 Vaccines
Related coverage, selected by the editors
—Stephanie Armour and Tarini Parti contributed to this article.
Corrections & Amplifications A group of medical experts advises the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. An earlier version of this article incorrectly said it advises the Centers for Disease Control and Protection. (Corrected on Sept. 17)
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"Hate Cannot Drive Out Hate. Only Love Can Do That", Dr. Martin Luther King.
Furious Over Sub Deal, France Recalls Ambassadors to U.S. and Australia
President Emmanuel Macron of France recalled his country's ambassadors to protest the handling of a deal for the United States to provide submarines to Australia.Angelos Tzortzinis/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
PARIS — Calling American and Australian behavior "unacceptable between allies and partners," France announced on Friday that it was recalling its ambassadors to both countries in protest over President Biden's decision to provide nuclear-powered submarines to Australia.
It was the first time in the history of the long alliance between France and the United States, dating back to 1778, that a French ambassador has been recalled to Paris in this way for consultations. The decision by President Emmanuel Macron reflects the extent of French outrage at what it has a called a "brutal" American decision and a "stab in the back" from Australia.
In a statement, Jean-Yves Le Drian, the French foreign minister, said the decision was made by Mr. Macron, who is understood to be furious about the way the United States, Britain and Australia negotiated the deal without informing France.
Australia on Wednesday canceled a $66 billion agreement to purchase French-built, conventionally powered submarines, hours before the deal with Washington and London was announced.
"At the request of the President of the Republic, I have decided to immediately recall our two ambassadors to the United States and Australia to Paris for consultations," the statement said. "This exceptional decision is justified by the exceptional gravity of the announcements made on 15 September by Australia and the United States."
Strained as relations were between Europe and the Trump administration over issues including climate change, Vladimir Putin's Russia, and the role of the European Union, they never deteriorated to the point of the recall of a European ambassador.
The temporary return of the ambassadors to Paris amounts to a severe diplomatic rebuke that is usually used against adversaries. Mr. Le Drian made it clear that his country saw the actions of the United States and Australia as a serious breach of trust.
In an editorial, Le Monde, the leading French daily, said: "For any who still doubted it, the Biden Administration is no different from the Trump administration on this point: The United States comes first, whether it's in the strategic, economic, financial or health fields. 'America First' is the guiding line of the foreign policy of the White House."
The Biden administration, bent on containing the growing power of China, sees the nuclear submarine deal as a way to cement ties with a Pacific ally that is increasingly at odds with Beijing, while also making that ally more powerful.
Emily Horne, the spokeswoman for the National Security Council, said: "We have been in close touch with our French partners on their decision to recall Ambassador Etienne to Paris for consultations. We understand their position and will continue to be engaged in the coming days to resolve our differences, as we have done at other points over the course of our long alliance."
She was referring to Philippe Etienne, the veteran diplomat who is the French ambassador in Washington.
The United States appears determined to play down the rift with France, portraying the conflict as just another disagreement among friends. France, however, appears to view the American decision as not only offensive in its secretive preparation but also indicative of a fundamental strategic shift that calls into question the very nature of the Atlantic alliance.
Mr. Le Drian's statement said "the very conception we have of our alliances, our partnerships and the importance of the Indo-Pacific for Europe" would be affected. Where before France believed it could work hand-in-hand with the United States in confronting China, despite French reservations over perceived American aggressiveness, it now appears to be reconsidering that view.
Mr. Macron had made the growing French relationship with Australia a cornerstone of a strategy to expand Europe's role in meeting the challenge of China's rise. Because an American company, Lockheed Martin, was a partner in the French submarine deal with Australia, reached in 2016, the contract was viewed in Paris as an example of how France and the United could work together in Asia.
That belief has now been shredded, replaced by bitterness, suspicion and a measure of incredulity that the Biden Administration would treat France this way.
A senior French diplomatic official described the fallout as a crisis in French-American relations. He said the French foreign and defense ministers had tried in vain, starting a week ago, to reach their American counterparts and speak to them on Monday or Tuesday.
He also said that until Mr. Macron received a letter Wednesday morning from the Australian prime minister, Scott Morrison, telling him the French submarine deal was scrapped, Australia had given no indication that it would pull out of the deal.
Australia had asked in June whether France believed its attack-class submarines were still up to meeting the threats they might face, and accepted French reassurances that they were, he said. American officials have suggested Australia made clear to France as early as June that the deal was dead.
American officials have conceded that they first informed the French on Wednesday morning, hours before Mr. Biden's announcement of the deal. They also said that top American officials had tried, unsuccessfully, to schedule meetings with their French counterparts before news of the deal leaked in the Australian and American press — a mirror image of the French claim.
In the face of a disastrous imbroglio, both sides were trying to pass the blame. It appeared clear, however, that France had been blindsided by friends on an issue of critical strategic and economic importance.
In a briefing with reporters on Friday before the recall announcement by the French government, Linda Thomas-Greenfield, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, downplayed the damage to the relationship between the two countries.
"As the president said, we cooperate closely with France on shared priorities both in the Indo-Pacific region and we'll continue to do so here in the Security Council," she said. "Good friends have disagreements, but that's the nature of friendship and that's — because you're friends, you can have disagreements and continue to work on those areas of cooperation."
She added: "We don't see those tensions changing the nature of our friendship."
In Paris, however, there was no sign of words like "cooperation" and no indication that France was ready to declare anything remotely resembling business as usual.
Mr. Macron faces an election in seven months time. With right-wing nationalists challenging him strongly, the way he responds to what is being portrayed here as a serious insult will be closely watched.
The French president is certain to turn to his European partners, and particularly Germany, as he reassesses the Western alliance and Asian policy.
As Le Monde put it, "Beyond French sensibilities, it is the place of Europe and its role in the world that have been thrust into question. Where does Europe want to stand in the global realignment happening in the shadow of the America-China confrontation?"
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"Hate Cannot Drive Out Hate. Only Love Can Do That", Dr. Martin Luther King.
Muri iyi baruwa, Nigeria yavuze ko u Rwanda rwakoresheje abakinnyi badafite ibyangombwa barimo Aline Siqueira, Apolinario Caroline Taiana, Mariana Da Silva na Moreira Bianca Gomes bose bakomoka muri Brazil. Andi makuru avuga ko uretse no kuba badafite ibyangombwa bibemerera gukina aya marushanwa, ngo banakiniye ikipe y'igihugu ya Volleyball ya Brazil aho bakomoka, amategeko akaba atemera ko umukinnyi umwe akinira amakipe abiri y'ibihugu.
U Rwanda rushobora guterwa mpaga no guhagarikwa mu marushanwa Nyafurika rwakiriye | Umunyarwanda
Kuwa kane tariki ya 16 Nzeli 2021 Abanyarwanda bari bakereye gukurikirana umupira w'u Rwanda na Senegal mu marushanwa nyafurika y'icyiciro cya nyuma ya Volley Ball ku rwego Nyafurika, batunguwe no kubwirwa ko umukino utakibaye ku mpamvu za tekiniki, ko ibindi bimenyekana nyuma.
Amakuru yahise amenyekana ni ay'ibirego byatanzwe n'amakipe y'ibihugu y'abagore, ibirego bigaragaza ko u Rwanda rwishe amabwiriza agenga irushanwa, biryo ibi bihugu bikaba bisaba ko intsinzi y'ikipe y'u Rwanda ya Volleyball y'abagore yaburizwamo, amanota u Rwanda rwatsindiye agahabwa amakipe rwatsinze.
Ikirego cya mbere cyatanzwe n'ikipe ya Maroc, icya kabiri gisa neza neza n'icya mbere gitangwa n'ikipe ya Nijeria, zombi zatsinzwe n'u Rwanda, dore ko rwari rwaramaze no kubona itike yo gukina ½. Ibi birego biramutse bihawe agaciro, birumvikana ko n'andi makipe yose u Rwanda rwatsinze yahita ahabwa amanota, u Rwanda rukabarwa nk'urwatsinzwe na yo.
Nigeria yatsinzwe n'u Rwanda amaseti 3-0,yanditse ibaruwa ku wa 15 Nzeri, isaba ko amanota u Rwanda rwabonye rumaze kubatsinda rwayamburwa bakayahabwa.
Muri iyi baruwa,Nigeria yavuze ko u Rwanda rwakoresheje abakinnyi badafite ibyangombwa barimo Aline Siqueira, Apolinario Caroline Taiana, Mariana Da Silva na Moreira Bianca Gomes bose bakomoka muri Brazil. Andi makuru avuga ko uretse nokuba badafite ibyangombwa bibemerera gukina aya marushanwa, ngo banakiniye ikipe y'igihugu ya Volleyball ya Brazil aho bakomoka, amategeko akaba atemera ko umukinnyi umwe akinira amakipe abiri y'ibihugu.
U Rwanda rwari gukina na Senegal mu mukino wa 3 wo mu itsinda A,rwamaze kwizera gukina ½ nyuma yo gutsinda imikino ibiri ibanza, ariko rwasabwaga gushimangira ko ruzamuka nk'ikipe ya mbere kugira ngo ntiruzahure na Cameroun nk'ikipe y'ikigugu ifite irushanwa riheruka ndetse ikaba ihabwa amahirwe menshi yo kongera kuryegukana.
Abanyabrezili batatu muri bane u Rwanda rwakinishije rutabyemerewe
Ni ku nshuro ya mbere Aline Siqueira, Apolinario Caroline Taiana, Mariana Da Silva na Moreira Bianca Gomes bakomoka muri Brazill, bari bakiniye u Rwanda, ni n'ubw ambere bari barukandagiyemo.
Inyandiko ikubiyemo ikirego cy'ikipe y'igihugu ya Nijeriya
U Rwanda rushobora kudahirwa n'iri tekinika, kuko si ubwa mbere ikipe y'igihugu y'u Rwanda igize ikibazo nk'iki kikayikura mu marushanwa, kuko mu mupira w'amaguru byabayeho inshuro ebyiri mu myaka 15 ishize.
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"Hate Cannot Drive Out Hate. Only Love Can Do That", Dr. Martin Luther King.
